|
.....................................................................................................................................
|
| ...................... | ...... |
OCTOBER 29: 1634 Ontario - Jesuit missionary Jean de Brébeuf travels to the Pétun nation; baptizes a 40 year old Native man. October 29, 1712: Settlers in Portsmouth, New
Hampshire hold a conference to advise belligerent Indians that "Queen Anne's
War" is over, and the fighting should stop. It would take almost nine months
before a local treaty would be signed.
BACKGROUND:
From: http://www.usahistory.com
Queen Anne's War: War of the Spanish Succession
To prevent the close cooperation, if not the amalgamation, of France and Spain on the death of Charles II of Spain (1 Nov. 1700), the Grand Alliance (7 Sept. 1701), the Grand Alliance (7 Sept. 1701) declared war on France (4 May 1702). In New England the war followed the pattern of the previous conflict. The Abenakis raided Main settlements (10 Aug. 1703), and destroyed Deerfield, Mass. (28-29 Feb 1704), and attacked Winter Harbor, Me. (21 Sept. 1707). To eliminate the source of Abenaki supplies and seize control of the Acadian fisheries, a force of 500 New Englanders under Col. Benjamin Church the destroyed French villages of Minasand Beaubassin (1, 28 July 1704). After 2 unsuccessful sieges of Port Royal (1704, 1707), a third expedition under Co. Francis Nicholson and Sir Charles Hobby reduced that stronghold (16 Oct. 1710). In Newfoundland, a mixed force of French and Native Americans operating out of Placentia destroyed an English settlement at Bonavista (18-29 Aug. 1704). In Newfoundland, a mixed force of French and Native Americans operating out of Placentia destroyed an English settlement at the capture of St. Johns (21 Dec. 1708) brought the eastern shore under French control. In the South the Carolina assembly authorized (10 Sept. 1702) an expedition to seize St. Augustine before it could be reinforced by the French. A mixed force of 500 colonists and Native Americans seized, burned, and pillaged the town (Dec.) after failing to capture the fort. Another mixed force under former Gov. James Moore destroyed all but one of the 14 missions in the Apalachee country (1704), opening the road to Louisiana. But the Carolinians were unable to penetrate the Choctaw screen protecting the French Gulf settlements. By the Treaty of Utrecht (11 Apr. 1713) Newfoundland, Acadia, and Hudson Bay were ceded to Great Britain, but France retained Cape Breton Island and the islands of St. Lawrence. The failure to definethe boundaries of Acadia, Hudson Bay, and the interior of the continent left the door open to later conflict. Great Britain was also accorded (26 Mar.) the Assiento, a contract allowing the South Sea Co. (formed 1711) to import into the Spanish colonies 4,800 Africans a year for 30 years and to send 1 trading ship a year to the Spanish colonies. Morris Jeffrey and Richard. "Encyclopedia of American History: seventh
edition". New York: Harper Collins Publishers. ©1996.
and
Queen Anne's War (1702-1713), the second of the French and Indian Wars, began May 4, 1702. In Europe it was known as the War of the Spanish Succession. The Grand Alliance (England, the League of Augsburg, Denmark, Portugal, and the Netherlands) declared war on France and Spain to prevent union of the French and Spanish thrones following the death of King Charles II of Spain. In North America British and French colonial forces, with their Indian allies, raided and attempted to capture a number of border settlements. New England colonists successfully attacked the French settlements of Minas and Beaubassin in Nova Scotia in July 1704, while the French destroyed Deerfield, Massachusetts, in February and took the English colony of Bonavista on Newfoundland in August. The most notable colonial success was the British capture of Port Royal, Nova Scotia, on Oct. 16, 1710, following unsuccessful assaults in 1704 and 1707; however, a British naval attack on Quebec in 1711 failed. In the South, Carolina forces captured the town of St. Augustine, Florida, in September 1702, although the fort there held out. Another force wiped out all but one of fourteen missions in northwestern Florida in 1704. Deerfield, a western outpost of Massachuestts, was attacked by a force of French and Indians, who massacred 50 men, women, and children and carried off over 100 more after burning the town to the ground. The raid was one of the bloodiest events of Queen Anne's War (1702-1713), the second of the French and Indian Wars. Haverhill, Massachusetts was attacked and razed by the French and Indians. Queen Anne's War was ended by the Treaty of Utrecht, which brought
the War of Spanish Succession to a close in Europe. By the treaty France
ceded the Hudson Bay territory, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia to Great
Britain. France also agreed to a British protectorate over the Iroquois
Indians. France kept Cape Breton Island and the islands of the St. Lawrence.
Carruth, Gorton. "The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates".
10th Ed. New York: Harper Collins Publishers. ©1997.
On This Day on History |
......... |
|
.............................................................................................................................................
|