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OCTOBER 6: 1993 Oka Quebec - Non-natives erect barricade at Oka to protest actions of Kanesatake Mohawks. 1862 Manitouwaning Ontario - Indian Commissioner William Macdougall 1822-1905 negotiates Manitoulin Island treaty with Ottawa and Chippewa; Crown awards land grants and interest for land. October 6, 1840: Hundreds of Comanches, led by Buffalo Hump, surround, and attack Victoria, Texas. In the next two days, fifteen settlers are killed in the fighting. The Comanches take several hundred head of livestock. October 6, 1774: In what would be called
Lord Dunmore's War, Virginia Governor, John Murray, the Earl of Dunmore,
would authorize an army of Virginians to go into Shawnee territory, despite
the Royal Proclamation of October 7, 1763, which prohibited European settlements
west of the Appalachian Mountains. Lord Dunmore had granted lands
to veterans in the prohibited area, and he planned on helping them
to get it. On this date (October 6), around 800 Shawnees under Chief
Cornstalk would attack Lord Dunmore's force of 850 men at Point Pleasant
(in what is now western Western Virginia) on the Ohio and Kanawha Rivers.
The fighting would last all day and both sides would suffer numerous casualties.
Cornstalk would lose the battle and eventually sign a peace treaty with
the Virginians.
BACKGROUND:
From http://www.ohiokids.org/ohc/history/h_indian/events/dunwar.html
In 1774, Lord Dunmore was the British governor of Virginia. After the Peace of Paris of 1763 , the British had undisputed claim to the area west of the Appalachian Mountains. The people of Virginia did not like the British presence in their state. Also, the British did not want the Virginians to settle on any land west of the Appalachians, but the Virginians did not agree. Many white people were continuing to settle on lands west of the Appalachian Mountains and the Indians were harassing them. Lord Dunmore went to Pittsburgh in the spring of 1774 hoping to make peace with the Indians. Soon, it became clear that peace would not happen. He began recruiting men and soon had a force of about 1,000 soldiers. After a couple of weeks of drill, Dunmore led the troops to the mouth of the Little Kanawha River. While camped at the Little Kanawha River, Dunmore was to meet with his officers who already had about 1,000 men camped about six miles away from Dunmore. The Battle of Point Pleasant prevented them from meeting. The Shawnee leader, Cornstalk, had a loosely organized group of approximately 500 Indians waiting to attack Dunmore's officers. In the early morning hours, the Indians crossed the Ohio River and attacked. The Battle of Point Pleasant lasted into the afternoon and was very intense. However, by the end of the day, the Indians were retreating to the north bank of the Ohio River in defeat. After the Battle of Point Pleasant, Dunmore marched his men north
to the Shawnee villages. At this point, he was able to negotiate for peace.
As a result of Dunmore's War, the Indians agreed to give up all of their
white prisoners, restore all captured horses and other property, and not
to hunt south of the Ohio River. Also, they were to allow boats on the
Ohio River and not harass them. This opened up present day West Virginia
and Kentucky for settlement.
*****
>From http://www.shelbycountyhistory.org/
Cornstalk, born Wynepuechsika, circa 1720, in western Pennsylvania, moved with his family to Ohio in 1730. He fought with the French in The French and Indian War <1754frenchindia.htm> (1754-1763) against the British. He continued to battle settler encroachment into Ohio and at the Battle of Point Pleasant in 1774 both sides suffered heavy losses and the Indians retreated; signing the peace Treaty of Chillicothe in late 1774, promising not to attack settlers south of the Ohio River. The confrontations continued, and in 1777, Cornstalk and a small group of Indians traveled to Point Pleasant to discuss stricter enforcement of the peace treaty. The whites, now in rebellion against the British, imprisoned the peace party. On November 10, a small group of militiamen stormed the jail, to avenge the killing of a white man by other Indians, and executed Cornstalk and his son. According to local folklore, Point Pleasant has seen its share of
devastating floods and fires, some attribute it to the dying curse of the
great Shawnee chieftain, Cornstalk.
On This Day on History |
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