AUGUST 11:

 August 11, 1760:  In retaliation for the murder of seventeen Cherokee chiefs held hostage in Fort Prince George, Cherokee warriors killed 30 of the prisoners they took when Fort Loudon fell a few days before.  This "Fort Loudon Massacre" led to retaliation by the English.

August 11, 1988:  The Aleut received restitution for losses in World War II.

1990 Oka Quebec Canadian Forces soldiers arrive at Oka to support Quebec police in their standoff with Mohawk warriors at Kanasetake.

1803 London England British Parliament passes laws to cover offenses done in Indian lands as subject to courts of Canada.

BACKGROUND:
 

Aleut Restitution 
From:  Experience Your America, at http://www.nps.gov/aleu/ForKids.htm

"Some called the ordeal suffered by...Aleut-Americans the "craziness of war," and dismissed that ugly portion of our history with that excuse. Not many of our people ... realized the ultimate insult of the entire story. The evacuations were not necessary; the Aleuts suffered for nothing."

- Agafon Krukoff, Jr, St Paul Aleut

Despite their poor treatment at the hands of the U.S. government, the Aleut remained a fiercely patriotic people. Twenty-five Aleut men joined the Armed Forces. Three took part in the U.S. invasion of Attu Island, and all were awarded the Bronze Star. At their camps, the Aleut surreptitiously voted in Territorial elections. Through exposure to the outside world, they had come to understand the importance of their participation in the democracy by which they were governed, and they desired participation with the full rights of citizens.

The Attuans suffered the severest deprivation during the war. For three years, they were imprisoned in the city of Otaru on Hokkaido Island, subsisting almost solely on rice. Sixteen would die there. On the day of their release, the survivors left their quarters through the windows, a symbol of their newly acquired freedom, bringing with the cremated remains of the dead to be buried according to Russian Orthodox custom in their beloved Aleutians. But there would be no return to the village of Attu for its people, nor for the people of Biorka, Kashega, or Makushin. Partly due to financial considerations, U.S. authorities had decided these villages would be incorporated into the villages of Unalaska, Atka, and Nikolski.

What the war had not done, a stroke of the pen had accomplished - four communities had met with extinction. Those villagers allowed to reoccupy their homes found them ravaged by the weather and vandalized by U.S. servicemen, the windows smashed, doors and furniture gone. Worse still was the theft of religious icons and subsistence equipment - boats and rifles. Some Aleut worked until their hands bled to repair the damage that had been done, but it would take years to recover, to fashion new communities and a new order for themselves. Politicized by their stay in the camps, the Aleut began the long battle for restitution. The evacuation had taken place for humanitarian reasons, but racism too had played a role in their abrupt evacuation and poor treatment in the camps.

It would be forty years until restitution would be made, but on August 10, 1988 Public Law 100-383 was signed calling for financial compensation and apology from Congress and the President in behalf of the American people.

Throughout their recorded history, the Aleut were thought to be a people on the verge of extinction, but like the sea otter, whom the early Aleut believed to have been transformed human beings, the Aleut have proven their tenacity and ability to adapt. Survival against overwhelming odds is their personal victory.